The Role of Extrinsic Motivation and Quality Culture in Enhancing Higher Education Institutional Performance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61231/1mejda89Keywords:
Extrinsic Motivation, Quality Culture, Higher Education Performance, Resource-Based View, Higher Education InstitutionsAbstract
This study aims to examine the effect of extrinsic motivation on higher education institutional performance, the effect of extrinsic motivation on quality culture, the effect of quality culture on higher education performance, and the mediating role of quality culture in the relationship between extrinsic motivation and institutional performance. A quantitative survey approach was employed involving 398 lecturers from higher education institutions in Riau Province, Indonesia, selected using the Slovin formula. Data were collected through an online questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Squares (PLS) with SmartPLS software. The results indicate that extrinsic motivation has a positive and significant effect on both higher education performance and quality culture. In addition, quality culture positively and significantly influences higher education performance. The mediation analysis confirms that quality culture mediates the relationship between extrinsic motivation and higher education performance, thereby strengthening the effect of extrinsic motivation on institutional performance through the enhancement of quality culture. These findings suggest that improving higher education performance depends not only on the provision of incentives and rewards but also on the institution’s ability to establish a sustainable quality culture.
References
Abbas, J., & Kumari, K. (2023). Examining the relationship between total quality management and knowledge management and their impact on organizational performance: A dimensional analysis, Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 39, 426-451.
Abramo, G., Cicero, T., & Angelo, C. A. D. (2013). The impact of unproductive and top researchers on overall university research performance, Journal of Informetrics, 7, 166-175.
Abubakar, A., & Hilman, H. (2017). The mediating role of quality culture on the relationship between talent management and organizational performance, Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Business Management, 887-901.
Adina-Petruţa, P. (2014). Quality culture: A key issue for Romanian higher education, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 3805-3810.
Agasisti, T., & Bertoletti, A. (2019). Analysing the determinants of higher education systems’ performance: A structural equation modelling approach, Science and Public Policy, 46, 834-852.
Ali, H. M., & Musah, M. B. (2012). Investigation of Malaysian higher education quality culture and workforce performance, Quality Assurance in Education, 20, 289-309.
Alade, O., & Okeke, C. (2021). Monetary and non-monetary incentives and teacher performance in Nigerian colleges of education, Journal of Educational Management, 15(2), 44-58.
Alotaibi, F., & Islam, R. (2013). Total quality management practices, quality culture and contractors’ competitiveness, Advances in Environmental Biology, 7, 2642-2649.
Alotaibi, G. B. G., Yusoff, R. Z., Mokhtar, S. S., & Taib, C. A. B. (2016). Testing the mediation role of quality culture in the relationship of quality management practice and innovation performance, International Journal of Economics and Commerce Management, 4, 67-76.
Asiedu, M. A., Anyigba, H., Ofori, K. S., Ampong, G. O. A., & Addae, J. A. (2020). Factors influencing innovation performance in higher education institutions, The Learning Organization, 27, 365-378.
Badura, K. L., Grijalva, E., Galvin, B. M., Owens, B. P., & Joseph, D. L. (2020). Motivation to lead: A meta-analysis and distal-proximal model of motivation and leadership, Journal of Applied Psychology, 105, 331-354.
Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage, Journal of Management, 17, 99-120.
Bendermacher, G. W. G., Oude Egbrink, M. G. A., Wolfhagen, I. H. A. P., & Dolmans, D. H. J. M. (2017). Unravelling quality culture in higher education: A realist review, Higher Education, 73, 39-60.
Carey, K. (2017). The challenges of higher education in Indonesia, Journal of International Education, 12(3), 45-58.
Cotelnic, A. (2022). University performance: How we define it and how we measure it, Eastern European Journal of Regional Studies, 8, 21-29.
Daumiller, M., Stupnisky, R., & Janke, S. (2020). Motivation of higher education faculty: Theoretical approaches, empirical evidence, and future directions, International Journal of Educational Research, 99, 1-12.
Dellana, S. A., & Hauser, R. D. (1999). Toward defining the quality culture, Engineering Management Journal, 11, 11-15.
Dewi, N. N., & Wibowo, R. (2020). The effect of leadership style, organizational culture and motivation on employee performance, Management Science Letters, 10, 2037-2044.
George, L., & Sabhapathy, T. (2014). Work motivation of teachers: Relationship with organizational culture, European Journal of Educational Sciences, 1, 194-207.
Ghozali, I., & Latan, H. (2020). Partial Least Square: Konsep, Teknik dan Aplikasi Menggunakan Program SmartPLS 3.0. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Harvey, L. (2004). Analytic Quality Glossary. Birmingham: Quality Research International.
Herminingsih, A., & Sadikin, M. R. (2021). Quality culture to improve knowledge sharing and the positive effect on engagement of academic staff, Archives of Business Research, 9, 65-74.
Hilman, H., Abubakar, A., & Kaliapan, N. (2017). The effect of quality culture on university performance, Journal of Business and Retail Management Research, 11, 25-33.
Horodnic, I. A., & Zait, A. (2015). Motivation and research productivity in a university system undergoing transition, Research Evaluation, 24, 282-292.
Iqbal, S., Ashfaq, T., & Taib, C. A. B. (2022). A systematic literature review on organizational performance in global higher education, Pakistan Journal of Social Research, 4, 688-701.
Iqbal, S., Ashfaq, T., Taib, C. A. B., & Razalli, M. R. (2023). The effect of quality culture on service quality of public and private universities: A comparative analysis, PLoS One, 18, 1-19.
Katwalo, A. M., & Asienga, I. (2015). Influence of quality culture on performance of research institutions in Kenya, African Journal of Business and Economic Research, 10, 25-54.
Makki, A., & Abid, M. (2017). Influence of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on employee task performance, Studies in Asian Social Science, 4, 38-43.
Olafsen, A. H., Halvari, H., Forest, J., & Deci, E. L. (2015). Show them the money? The role of pay, managerial need support, and justice in a self-determination theory model of intrinsic work motivation, Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 56, 447-457.
Olushola, A., & Adewumi, O. (2021). Extrinsic motivation and instructor performance in technical and vocational institutions in Lagos State, Journal of Technical Education and Training, 13(2), 56-68.
Rasheed, M. I., Humayon, A. A., Awan, U., & Ahmed, A. U. (2016). Factors affecting teachers’ motivation in higher education institutions of Pakistan, International Journal of Educational Management, 30, 101-114.
Rita, M., Payangan, O. R., Rante, Y., Tuhumena, R., & Erari, A. (2018). Moderating effect of organizational citizenship behavior on the effect of organizational commitment, transformational leadership and work motivation on employee performance, International Journal of Law and Management, 60, 953-964.
Turner, P. (2017). Employee motivation in organizations: An integrative literature review, International Journal of Management Reviews, 19, 1-17.
Wu, S. J. (2015). The impact of quality culture on quality management practices and performance, Total Quality Management and Business Excellence, 26, 111-123.
Yusof, S. M., & Ali, M. (2000). An empirical study on quality culture in Malaysian higher education institutions, Total Quality Management, 11, 105-114.
Zeng, H., Zhao, L., & Zhao, Y. (2022). Extrinsic motivation and work engagement among nurses in Japanese healthcare institutions, Journal of Nursing Management, 30, 1452-1461.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Reni Farwitawati, Masirun Masirun, Souvya Fithrie
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
